Unveiling invisible farm‐to‐farm <scp>PRRSV</scp>‐2 transmission links and routes through transmission tree and network analysis
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract The United States (U.S.) swine industry has struggled to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) for decades, yet the causative virus, PRRSV‐2, continues circulate rapidly diverges into new variants. In industry, farm is typically epidemiological unit monitoring, prevention, control; breaking transmission among farms a critical step in containing disease spread. Despite this, our understanding of still inadequate, precluding development tailored strategies. Therefore, objective was infer farm‐to‐farm links, estimate farm‐level transmissibility as defined by reproduction numbers ( R ), identify associated risk factors using PRRSV‐2 open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene sequences, animal movement records, other data from swine‐dense region U.S. 2014 2017. Timed phylogenetic tree analyses were performed on three sets sequences n = 206) 144 that represented largest genetic variants virus study area. length inferred pig‐to‐pig infection chains corresponded pairs connected via direct used threshold value identifying feasible links between farms; these then transformed networks calculated ‐values. median one (IQR 1–2), whereas 28% more than one. Exponential random graph models evaluate influence attributes and/or relationships occurrence links. These showed that, even though most events cannot be directly explained movement, strongly with transmission. This demonstrates how integrative techniques may improve traceability data‐rich era providing clearer picture regional
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Evolutionary Applications
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1752-4563', '1752-4571']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13596